Effects of Renshenjian Decoction on blood and urine metabonomics in type 2 diabetes rats based on ~1H-NMR / 中国中药杂志

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H-NMR) is used to investigate the effect of Renshenjian Decoction on serum and urine metabolism of type 2 diabetic rats with insulin resistance induced by high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin(STZ). After the successful establishment of the insulin resistance model of type 2 diabetes, administration for 35 days, the serum and urine of rats were taken. Once the ~1H-NMR data have been collected and processed, PCA and OPLS-DA were used to analyze them. The results show that: compared with the blank group, the contents of methionine, taurine, α-glucose and β-glucose in the serum of the model group increased significantly(P<0.001), while the contents of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, lactic acid and unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly(P<0.01). In the model group, the contents of trimethylamine oxide, glycine, α-glucose, β-glucose, taurine and phosphocholine in urine increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of creatine, lactic acid, acetic acid and citric acid decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the contents of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and unsaturated fatty acids in serum of rats in the treatment group increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of taurine, α-glucose and β-glucose decreased significantly(P<0.01). In the treatment group, the contents of lactic acid, taurine and creatine in urine increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of trimethylamine oxide, glycine, α-glucose, β-glucose and phosphocholine decreased significantly(P<0.01). The results show that Renshenjian Decoction can regulate metabolic disorder and promote the metabolic phenotype to return to the normal range. It displayed therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetic rats with insulin resistance and provided a certain scientific basis for the biological basic research of Renshenjian Decoction by improving insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus.

Chemical Constituents of Benzoinum and Its Anti-tumor Activities in Vitro / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To identify the active anti-tumor constituents of Benzoinum according to observation of the anti-tumor effect of chemical constituents from Benzoinum in vitro. Method::The 95%ethanol extract of Benzoinum was systematically separated by silica gel column chromatography, medium pressure liquid preparation chromatography and preparation liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified by physicochemical property and spectral data. Anti-tumor activities of the compounds of Benzoinum were screened by in vitro cells including human hepatoma cells in vitro (HepG2), human lung cancer cells (A549), human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human prostate cancer cells (PC-3). Result::Fifteen compounds were isolated from Benzoinum and identified as myricadiol(1), 3-keto-oleanonic acid(2), (4E)-1, 5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-2-(methoxy-methyl)-4-pentene(3a and 3b), (E)-p-coumaryl alcohol γ-Ο-methyl ether(4), sesamin(5), 5-(3″benzoyloxypropyl)-7-methoxy-2-(3′, 4′-methylenedioxy phenyl)-benzofuran(6), dibutyl phthalate(7), methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate(8), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(9), p-hydroxyacetophenone(10), acetovanillone(11), 3-oxo-olean-11, 13(18)-dien-28, 19β-olide(12), vanillin(13), benzoic acid(14), and siaresinolic acid(15). Compounds 1 to 11 were isolated from the resin of Styrax tonkinensis for the first time. A part of these compounds had good anti-tumor activities. Among them, compound 2, 12 showed a strongest activity. Conclusion::The chemical constituents of Benzoinum have good prospects for the development and application of anti-tumor drugs.

Changes of HPLC Fingerprint and Main Flavonoids Content of Aurantii Fructus Before and After Processing / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To establish HPLC fingerprints of Aurantii Fructus and its processed products, and to quantitatively analyze the contents of four flavonoids in these products. Method::HPLC was employed with Inertsil ODS-3 C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid aqueous solution for gradient elution, the detection wavelength of 283 nm, and the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. HPLC fingerprints of raw products, stir-fried bran products and processing products of Aurantii Fructus were established. Similarity evaluation and cluster analysis were used to analyze the chromatographic data. At the same time, the contents of narirutin, naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were determined. Result::HPLC fingerprints of Aurantii Fructus and its processed products were established, taking naringin as the reference peak, 8, 15, 11 common peaks were demarcated for raw products, stir-fried bran products, processing products, respectively, the similarities of fingerprints were >0.95.Contents of the above four flavonoids in raw products were 0.574 7%, 5.986 3%, 0.302 2%and 3.574 7%, respectively. After processing, the contents of these four components in stir-fried bran products turned into 0.948 4%, 5.103 4%, 0.549 3%and 3.533 7%, their contents in processing products turned into 0.605 3%, 4.762 3%, 0.404 7%and 3.264 9%, respectively. Conclusion::The HPLC fingerprint of Aurantii Fructus changes significantly before and after processing. The contents of four flavonoids change to a certain extent before and after processing. The order of contents of narirutin and hesperidin in samples was stir-fried bran products>processing products>raw products, while the order of contents of naringin and neohesperidin was raw products>stir-fried bran products>processing products.